
ASTM A1016 TP304 TP316 TP321 TP347 TP410 Austenitic Stainless Steel Pipe
General Requirements
ASTM A1016 is a standard specification for austenitic stainless steel pipe, which covers various grades including TP304, TP316, TP321, TP347, and TP410. These materials are widely used in various industries due to their excellent corrosion resistance, high strength, and good formability.
Material Specification
The specification outlines the requirements for the manufacture of stainless steel pipes, including chemical composition, mechanical properties, and testing methods. The pipes are typically used in applications involving high temperatures and corrosive environments.
Key Features
- Corrosion Resistance: Excellent resistance to oxidation and corrosion.
- High Strength: Suitable for high-pressure applications.
- Versatility: Can be used in various environments, including chemical processing, oil and gas, and food processing.
- Weldability: Good weldability for fabrication and installation.
Chemical Composition
The following table presents the typical chemical composition of the various grades of austenitic stainless steel pipes under ASTM A1016.
Grade | C (%) | Cr (%) | Ni (%) | Mo (%) | Mn (%) | Si (%) | P (%) | S (%) |
TP304 | 0.08 | 18.0-20.0 | 8.0-10.5 | - | 2.0 max | 1.0 max | 0.045 max | 0.03 max |
TP316 | 0.08 | 16.0-18.0 | 10.0-14.0 | 2.0-3.0 | 2.0 max | 1.0 max | 0.045 max | 0.03 max |
TP321 | 0.08 | 17.0-19.0 | 9.0-12.0 | - | 2.0 max | 1.0 max | 0.045 max | 0.03 max |
TP347 | 0.08 | 17.0-19.0 | 9.0-12.0 | 0.5-1.0 | 2.0 max | 1.0 max | 0.045 max | 0.03 max |
TP410 | 0.15 max | 11.5-13.5 | 0.5 max | - | 1.0 max | 1.0 max | 0.04 max | 0.03 max |
Mechanical Properties
The following table summarizes the mechanical properties of the various grades of austenitic stainless steel pipes under ASTM A1016.
Grade | Yield Strength (MPa) | Tensile Strength (MPa) | Elongation (%) | Hardness (HB) |
TP304 | 205 | 515-720 | 40 | 183 |
TP316 | 205 | 515-720 | 40 | 183 |
TP321 | 205 | 515-720 | 40 | 183 |
TP347 | 205 | 515-720 | 40 | 183 |
TP410 | 275 | 480-620 | 20 | 200 |
Steel Grade
The steel grades covered under ASTM A1016 include:
- TP304: General-purpose stainless steel with good corrosion resistance.
- TP316: Offers better corrosion resistance than TP304, especially in chloride environments.
- TP321: Stabilized grade for high-temperature applications.
- TP347: Similar to TP321 but with added niobium for improved stability.
- TP410: Martensitic stainless steel with good hardness and wear resistance.
Application
These stainless steel pipes are used in a variety of applications, including:
- Chemical processing
- Oil and gas industries
- Food and beverage processing
- Pharmaceutical manufacturing
- Power generation
- Marine applications
Possible Alternative Grades
While TP304, TP316, TP321, TP347, and TP410 are commonly used, there are alternative grades that may be suitable depending on specific requirements:
- TP304L: Low carbon version of TP304 for better weldability.
- TP316L: Low carbon version of TP316 for improved corrosion resistance.
- TP317: Offers higher molybdenum content for enhanced corrosion resistance.
- TP430: Ferritic stainless steel for applications requiring good oxidation resistance.





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